I have contacted Stefan and he confirmed that a working TPU can win the prize. Please everybody avoid flame in this topic.
@Stefan, I have found the answers for the issue I mentioned in my
email last night (or morning?). Please move it in the appropriate one as it seems to be locked right now. Many thanks.
---------------------------------------
I,
Anthony Sprader claim that I have succesfully replicated/reverse
engineered the torroidal performance multiplier transformer device
(TPMT, formerly referred TPU) presented by Steven Mark.
The
device itself is a combination of a low frequency switching power
supply in kHz range and electron accelerator that provides more
electrical power and current than the primary side receives.
The
cause of the significantly higher drained electrical performance is
that the primary coil has a diagonal long step winding technique that
causes rotating magnetic field flow along side the secondary coil. The
output electrical current is a sum of two different type of current.
The first is created via conventional electromagnetic induction by the
primary coil and has normal hole and electron flow components while the
gained electrical current is a spontanous electron flow without hole
counterparts.
Due to the unusual nature of the gained electricity the majority appears on the closest PN
semiconductor
rather than the load where electrons can find they hole counter parts
trapped between the PN layers. The closest PN semiconductor is usually
the switching transistor component on the primer side. The higher
primary input causes exponentially higher hole and electron imbalance
in the primary driving coil thus the heat loss is also increasing
exponentially between the switching PN layers.
Therefore there are several possible ways to decrease the amount of impacted electrons on the PN switching device.
1.
Decreasing the input performance and duty cycle to decrease the
exponential hole and electron imbalance and increase the efficiency by
using TPMT devices in multiple stages to boost the output. (presently
it needs 2 stages min. to power a 250V 50W light bulb on 190V)
2.
Using multiple primary coils and switching them after each other to
rest the PN layers on each switching channel. (e.g. Johnson-counter and
several oversized IGBTs or FETs)
3. Avoiding the use of PN switching devices.
In
case of winning the majority of the prize would support further
developments of the technology to comply requirements of mass
production.
(Please read the email below with the description I
sent to Stefan this morning and disregard the typos as it was very
late. Photos and vids are coming.)
-------------------------------------
> how I could send you back the test device, when the test time is over or would you like to donate the device to me ?
Yes
of course I have already made a coil for you yesterday that naturally
you can keep. The one I mentioned puts out 190V to the 50W for ~30
seconds before you can smell the plastic on it, so it's a bit below 50W
and since I don't have light bulb for 1W handy at the moment to verify
the requirements I decided to build a larger device for you that
comfortably supply usable energy. Before I send it I will also video it
and upload it to my
youtube channel.
> a 9 Volts Battery would be okay, if it runs for days and puts out already 50 Watts.
I
wouldn't push the prize with the 9V battery, I just enquired whether I
have a chance with a device that not I invented firstly
(replica/reverse-engineering) to win th OUP as I need to put more money
in research to refine the device, make it smaller, more efficient, safe
for mass production, make formulas for sizing and keep the thing
simple. I have already spent a few thousand pounds on it over the
years. So I just wanted make sure, also I'd like to understand what's
happening inside the working models before I apply. I believe in
complete work before opening the champaign.
Today
when I built your device I found that the energy moves in the device is
far above 1kW, the only obstacle that it comes out where you would
never expect it: it doesn't heat the coil at all, they remain cold but
cooks the switching FET on the primary coil nearly instantly. My device
works, yours not yet...
We always learn.
I
was driving it with a power supply (0-3A / 0-30V / max. 90W) and
switching it with a single IGBT (rated 1200V/74A in pulse and 500W in
fully open state) between 5 and 500kHz/50% square waves (I can't
remember the freq exactly but it is only important when you put the
load on it). When I put the PSU to the max. I saw a big flash after ~3
sec. and the soldering on the mentioned well oversized IGBT's middle
pin has molten and released the wire, which was ~1.5mm in diameter and
sticked to the next pin to it. That should be an enormous amount of
power couldn't appear in the secondary coil and naturally impossible to
do it with a 90W input.
> Does it only depend on special coil configurations or do you use also magnets in it ?
Yes
and no. Magnet is not necessary but the coil winding is very important
and as I noticed so far this is where one of the key secret is. I use a
"triangular" winding technique for the primary that seems to be vital.
I worked out this technique while I was playing with the Rodin coil
(that could be good for primary with one coil and large spaces) and I
was thinking how the current flows in it. It flows in a cicular pattern
and after it takes the ~360 degrees it comes in the next to it and
doing it over and over again until leaves the coil. I remembered when I
started the TPU research I had coil that worked but I have successfully
caused a thousand pound damage in my lab during the research and I
couldn't work for nearly a year on it. 8-10 months later when I've
bought the new instruments I didn't remember clearly which coil worked
how I connected them, but a couple of days ago a guy posted a schematic
and I had a dejavu. Something told me that I have seen this technique
before which is almost identical to what I was doing. I digged out that
coil from the crate, connected it and the signal was what I expected.
Then I took a look at SM's naked coil with the magnet but this time on
the JD released vids and it clicked in when I saw the winding on the
rim. "That is the one! I know now why I did it this way back then!" The
winding pattern is the same as you would wind a Rodin coil but not
necessary to stick to the 150-degree-step (mine is wound with 60 and
actually this is another thing that I want to verify which is the
best). So you go around with long steps, leave well enough space and
when you're done with one circle you simply continue and lay the next
wire in the space of the previous circle. You repeat this technique as
long as you want, but (I think) you need to do min 2 circles (later
need to be verified again).
I give you details on the first working device (which performs far better than the second one
):
to replicate it you'd need these things:
- Paper mailing tube, 80mm in diameter, 70mm long and 2mm thick wall
- 0.38mm for primary (I wouldn't use it again, need a thicker min 0.74mm)
- 0.74mm for secondary (same issue, not thick enough, min 1mm)
Both
of the wires are regular enamelled solid copper wires used for
transformers. (After seeing what I have already seen here I wouldn't be
surprised if this device doesn't work with soft wires. I think this is
why the current has to struggle to flow in the secondary. Possibility
for Litze wire also should be verified later.)
Oversized
switching MOSFET/IGBT and large heatsink (for now as this is where the
power loves to be built up and not on the load hooked up to the
secondary).
This is not important at all, but I use a 9A mosfet
driver.
That was just handy in the breadboard and I need something to increase
the signal as the max output 3.5V of my waveform generator.
Use
a knife and cut off the tube and cut in 3 gaps about 1mm deep and 120
degrees to each other on the top and bottom edges, but make 60 degrees
offset between the top and bottom sides. So when you look at it they
will be in a zig-zag pattern to each other and not above and below.
Then you place the primary wire in the 1st gap and keep windind it
perpendiculary to the tube. When you're done with the first circle all
gaps should be filled with wire. Then you are keep going in this form,
but you lay the next circle about 3-5mm to the previous wire.
When
you are done with the primary, wind the secondary on it as you would
normally do it with e.g. a Tesla coil's secondary. (I did it very tight
but later we can try it out with gaps.) I used a tape between the P/S
coils to fix the primary. When you look inside your coil it should show
a twisted form similar to the Rodin coil and the primary wires are
hovering over the tube. An important thing: probably you remember the
little guy and the TV that exploded in the 60s that SM mentioned. The
coils on the
CRT
tube are wound in this pattern, this is what I used as a starting point
when I made my first device many years ago. (AFAIK this winding pattern
is still in use and I think that a part of that energy used in CRTs are
not all from the mains.)
Ok, when your coil is ready, hook up
the PG, PSU, the FET to the primary coil and scope to the input and
output. Do it without load on the secondary! Set the PG to 50% square
wave and a low frequency as a start, like 100Hz and slowly increase the
power on the PSU. You will see a beautiful DC hump growing. This is
only possible if you have a slight rotating magnetic field as the
winding with the big spaces have a very low inductance. Basically this
device is a transformer with a Rodin coil wound on a tube and a Tesla
coil on it. It is a simple as this.
Now,
put a load on it and find a comfortable duty cycle that your load
likes. Increase the frequency and the input. If the load is too big you
can fry eggs on the heatsink as all the power will appear on the FET. I
think this is because of the nature of that current is different. That
is not a normal current flow where you have both holes and electron
flow. I think the balance of electrons and holes are not equal. One of
them is trying to build up on the PN transision of the FET/IGBT. I
don't know yet, it also should be investigated.
>
Does it use any bifilar coils, where the inductance cancels each other
from the 2 parellel wires and uses high frequency for standing wave
effects?
No, it doesn't need anything like that.
> On what frequencies does it work ?
Not
critical, depending on your load. It is nothing but a performance
multiplier transformer where the output is the sum of the input and the
extracted energy. You can use it in a wide range from 100Hz to 1MHz if
you have a well shielded room as there is radio broadcasting in the
higher frequency ranges and at that power you can disturb it.
> Do you also need 3 driver frequencies ?
No
but it would be easier to distribute the heat and rest the FETs. If you
shoot multiple channels in series as I said in my first post on your
site (a year ago or 2) you can decrease the built up electrons or holes
(whichever is the case) so they will not pull the current toward the
fet and will go in the other way, the load on the secondary.
> I am pretty excited to hear, that somebody really has achieved a selfrunning TPU.
Thanks.
I am also feeling better as I pay 100 pounds electricity every month to
heat my 42 sqm appartment. Now at least I can get warm at the over
unity heatsinks powered by a 1.5kW IGBT and hooked up to the screwed up
TPU I made for you.
>
a 9 Volts Battery would be okay, if it runs for days and puts out
already 50 Watts. That would be hardly to achieve only with a small 9
Volts battery....
Maybe I have forgotten to tell the 9V think
was done by 2 or 3 TPUs in series and the bat was quite hot. Actually I
used them as step-up transformes after each other, but rather they
would cause drop in the current they increase both the power and
current. I think those are not inductors on SM's TPUs, those ar mini
TPUs driving the big ones. I looked at his devices again and I
understood everything. (when we are over the hard work perhaps I will
make some drawings on how his devices work)
The LTPU probably
has 2 mini TPUs and the coils are in series on each small TPU, but they
are connected not in the usual way and rather having 2 coils on each
mini TPU, those are 4 or 8 and the crossing is below the device. The
foil cap is perhaps in parallel with the output to smooth the HV
spikes. I guess the LTPU has 2 driving channels for heat and peak
distribution and for resting the transistors. I noticed that this
fenomenon happens when you put the freq two high, also the IGBTs have
slower falling edges thus they can trap holes or electrons in an
unexpected way.
I used FETs before but if I wanted to make
usable power. They simply got a whole over the plastic if I gave them
the juice. It doesn't mean that you can't do it with FETs, but with
these coils I used you need well oversized swithing circuits. I saw a
video with John Bedini and saw one of his kW device and there were
several (8?) switching FETs/IGBTs in TO-247 package in parallel
configuration to power a single driving coil. The heatsink was the case
itself. That relatively small coil didn't look that tough and would not
require that. I think he has the same problem with the gained energy,
it wants to go toward the closest P/N semiconductor. (before I forget:
schottky diodes could be another solution as they work differently, no
PN semiconductors)
> You can also start posting the
blueprints or just a circuit diagramm first and then add stuff like
videos or pictures later.
To be honest some characters are a bit
arrogant and I don't feel to comfortable standing on the stage. That is
why I contacted you.
Diagrams are trivial, simple switching circuit, the critical is the winding technique.
I
attached a few pictures on how the first zig-zag coil was built. The
paper tube coil is the working coil, the big one (yellow inside) is the
one I built for you, on the picture it is unfinished. That doesnt work.
Possible reasons:
- soft wire for secondary, the profile is not circular as the collected electrons want to move and spin in a helix form
- 2-sided crossing primary coils can cause disturbance in electron flow
-
thick insulation on the secondary, therefore bigger the gap between
conducting media. Plumbing pipe could be ideal for secondary with thin
plastic tape on it for larger devices.
- too many divisions on each circle, should be decreased and verified, 120
-------------------------------------
UPDATE
IMPORTANT SAFETY REQUIREMENTS1.
Never feed back the output in the input directly, only by filtering it
and take it back before the switching devices as it will extract
literally infinite energy and create an extremely high electromagnetic
field in the environment. Probably that was the cause of the accident
with the TV that SM mentioned killed a 5-year-old child when the
electron accelerators coil got an input from another coil that it
triggered as secondary (very likely accidentally due to overheating).
2.
Separate the primary and secondary units galvanically as the output
current is hazardous, also keep that in mind if you connect
instruments, like scope on both the primary and secondary coils you
will make a common ground through the scope between the two separate
circuit.
